An analysis of psychosocial factors and psychophysiological disorders

Peer reviewers approved by Prof. Roumen Kirov Peer reviewer comments 2 Editor who approved publication: The aim of the study was to determine psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors connected with life events, level of depression, and quality of life in people at risk for cardiovascular disease and healthy controls.

[Full text] Which psychological, psychophysiological, and anthropometric factors a | NDT

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. August Learn how and when to remove this template message Some people have difficulty distinguishing a psychophysiologist from a physiological psychologisttwo very different perspectives.

A psychophysiologist will attempt to link the two. While early psychophysiologists almost always examined the impact of psychological states on physiological system responses, since the s, psychophysiologists also frequently study the impact of physiological states and systems on psychological states and processes.

It is this perspective of studying the interface of mind and body that makes psychophysiologists most distinct. Historically, most psychophysiologists tended to examine the physiological responses and organ systems innervated by the autonomic nervous system.

Psychophysiology - Wikipedia

More recently, psychophysiologists have been equally, or potentially more, interested in the central nervous systemexploring cortical brain potentials such as the many types of event-related potentials ERPsbrain waves, and utilizing advanced technology such as functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRIMRIPETMEG, and other neuroimagery techniques.

A physiological psychologist may look at how one cardiovascular event may influence another cardiovascular or endocrine event, or how activation of one neural brain structure exerts excitatory activity in another neural structure which then induces an inhibitory effect in some other system.

Often, physiological psychologists examine the effects that they study in infrahuman subjects using surgical or invasive techniques and processes. Psychophysiology is closely related to the field of neuroscience and social neurosciencewhich primarily concerns itself with relationships between psychological events and brain responses.

Psychophysiology is also related to the medical discipline known as psychosomatics.

While psychophysiology was a discipline off the mainstream of psychological and medical science prior to roughly the and s, more recently, psychophysiology has found itself positioned at the intersection of psychological and medical science, and its popularity and importance have expanded commensurately with the realization of the inter-relatedness of mind and body.

Measures[ edit ] Psychophysiology measures exist in three domains; reports, readings, and behavior. Many indices are part of modern psychophysiology, including brain waves electroencephalography, EEGfMRI functional magnetic resonance imagingelectrodermal activity a standardized term encompassing skin conductance response, SCR, and galvanic skin response, GSRcardiovascular measures heart rateHR; beats per minuteBPM; heart rate variabilityHRV; vasomotor activitymuscle activity electromyographyEMGelectrogastrogram EGG changes in pupil diameter with thought and emotion pupillometryeye movements, recorded via the electro-oculogram EOG and direction-of-gaze methods, and cardiodynamics, recorded via impedance cardiography.

Introduction

These measures are beneficial because they provide accurate and perceiver-independent objective data recorded by machinery. These are good response measures and easy to record in animals, but they are not as frequently used in human studies.

Physiological sensors have been used to detect emotions in schools [7] and intelligent tutoring systems. For example, anger might be constituted by a certain set of physiological responses, such as increased cardiac output and high diastolic blood pressure, which would allow us to better understand patterns and predict emotional responses.

Some studies were able to detect consistent patterns of ANS responses that corresponded to specific emotions under certain contexts, like an early study by Paul Ekman and colleagues in "Emotion-specific activity in the autonomic nervous system was generated by constructing facial prototypes of emotion muscle by muscle and by reliving past emotional experiences.

The autonomic activity produced distinguished not only between positive and negative emotions, but also among negative emotions".

However it was also found that features of the participant could also alter ANS responses. Factors such as basal level of arousal at the time of experimentation or between test recovery, learned or conditioned responses to certain stimuli, range and maximal level of effect of ANS action, and individual attentiveness can all alter physiological responses in a lab setting.

For example, some emotional typologists consider fear to have subtypes, which might involve fleeing or freezing, both of which can have distinct physiological patterns and potentially distinct neural circuitry.Jul 09,  · However, since we focus on psychosocial and psychophysiological effects in this review, studies employing horses in physiotherapy with a mere assessment of effects on movement or balance were excluded (e.g., Cherng et al., ; Beinotti et al., ).

Learn about Psychological Disorders on initiativeblog.com, including information on symptoms, causes and treatments. However, the American Psychiatric Association prefers the term psycho physiological while referring to specific disorders and psychosomatics for the general approach to medicine in which physical, psychological and socio-cultural factors are considered.

Best known and most common of the psychophysiological disorders were ulcers, asthma, insomnia, chronic headaches, high blood pressure, and coronary heart disease Recent research Many other physical illnesses may also be caused by an interaction of psychosocial and physical factors.

Psychophysiological Disorders. evaluation of psychosocial factors in chronic pain. identification and labeling of a psychiatric disorder by .

While psychophysiology was a discipline off the mainstream of psychological and medical science prior to roughly the and s, more recently, psychophysiology has found itself positioned at the intersection of psychological and medical science, and its popularity and importance have expanded commensurately with the realization of the inter-relatedness of mind and body.